Alcohol
Dispelling Myths About Alcohol
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Beer
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4% to 11% alcohol by volume
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Wine (Red, White, Rose, Sparkling
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7% to 14% alcohol by volume
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Fortified Wines
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18% to 21% alcohol by volume
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Vermouth
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16% to 20% alcohol by volume |
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Brandy
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40% alcohol by volume
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Whisky, Gin, Rum, Vodka
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44% to 45% alcohol by volume
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Liqueurs (varies from very low to very high)
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11% to 45% alcohol by volume
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Recent research suggests that drink for drink, women get drunk faster than men.
It is believed that this is because women have fewer enzymes in the liver and gut wall that break down alcohol before it enters the bloodstream.
Women's safe limit is about half that of men.
It was also found that women alcoholics do more harm to their bodies than men. Liver disease, brain damage and mental defects like memory loss and reduced ability to solve problems start earlier for them.
As if such news are not depressing enough, it is also found that women are more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression and other additive disorders.
We can tell how much the brain is affected by measuring the amount of alcohol in the blood. This is known as B.A.C. (blood-alcohol-concentration).
Most countries have a legal limit for blood alcohol concentration. If one is found driving with a higher amount of BAC in our blood than the legal limit one may face legal action. The limits and the application of the law differ in different countries.
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Czech Republic, East Germany, Poland
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30 mg %
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| Australia, Netherlands, Sweden |
50 mg %
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| Canada, France, Singapore, United Kingdom |
80 mg %
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| Denmark, Finland |
100 mg %
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| United States |
50-80 mg % (depending on the state)
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As a rough guide, in order not to exceed the legal limit, you should not take more than three drinks in an hour. You should wait at least an hour after your last drink before driving.
A drink is taken as a 330 ml can of beer, a 120 ml glass of wine or a 30 ml measure of spirit (brandy, whisky, vodka, rum or gin).
Hangover
The hangover is a symptom that results from having consumed too much alcoholic beverages.
Hangover causes the body to suffer the following conditions:
The dehydration is caused by the diuretic action of the alcohol. At the same time, the body’s natural anti-diuretic hormones are suppressed. This causes the body to lose more water that it otherwise would.
Besides making the person feel thirsty, dehydration also causes headaches. Combined with the effects of the toxin-like congeners, the effects are very acute and intense headaches occur. The person also becomes very sensitive to light and prefers the dark.
Alcohol causes the body to produce insulin which burns up the blood sugar. This results in low blood sugar which shows up as drowsiness, faintness and hunger which manifest itself as shivering.
'Cure' for Hangovers
Alcohol causes the body to produce insulin which burns up the blood sugar. This results in low blood sugar which shows up as drowsiness, faintness and hunger which manifest itself as shivering.
However, we can ease the uncomfortable and painful symptoms associated with a hangover. The following actions can ease and give comfort:
Rehydrating the body cells and organs allows the natural healing process to occur while glucose helps the body absorb the water faster as well as replenish the blood sugar.
Vitamin B and C generally helps the liver and the body's nervous system cope with the symptoms while pain killers (analgesics) such as paracetamol (sold commercially as Panadol) help deal with the general pain and headaches.
One of the best things to do if a person has had too much alcohol is to drinks lots of water with some glucose and vitamin B and C before retiring to bed to rest. Orange juice is a handy and easily available mixture of water, glucose and vitamin C.
Taking paracetamol is not recommended unless necessary or until the symptoms manifest themselves and aspirins are not recommended as they are acidic in nature and may only irritate the upset stomach further.Â
Serving Alcohol With Care
You may be aware that in most countries it is illegal to serve alcoholic beverages to an intoxicated person. Know your country’s legal limits for B.A.C.
Definition of an intoxicated person is in terms of their blood-alcohol-concentration.
Some experienced bartenders have developed a sense of awareness of when a guest is becoming intoxicated by judging the changes in their behaviours.
As alcohol causes dehydration. An intoxicated person is very likely to demand for more drinks. You should cut off serving alcoholic beverages but instead should offer non-alcoholic beverages.
The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 states that revenue will be withheld from states that allow the purchase of alcohol by anyone under the age of 21. Prior to the effective date of that Act, the drinking age varied from state to state. Some states do not allow those under the legal drinking age to be present in liquor stores or in bars (usually, the difference between a bar and a restaurant is whether food is being served). Contrary to popular belief, since the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, few states specifically prohibit minors' and young adults' consumption of alcohol in private settings. As of January 1, 2007, 14 states and the District of Columbia ban underage consumption outright, 19 states do not specifically ban underage consumption, and an additional 17 states have family member and/or location exceptions to their underage consumption laws.
Federal law explicitly provides for religious, medical, employment and private club possession exceptions; as of 2005, 31 states have family member and/or location exceptions to their underage possession laws. However, non-alcoholic beer in many (but not all) states, some including Idaho, Texas, and Maryland, is considered legal for minors (those under the age of 21).
By a judge's ruling, South Carolina appears to currently allow the possession and consumption of alcohol by those 18–20 years of age, though a circuit court judge said otherwise.
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National Minimum Drinking Age Act
The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 (23 U.S.C. § 158), also called the Federal Uniform Drinking Age Act, was passed on July 17, 1984 by the United States Congress as a mechanism whereby all states would become thereafter required to legislate and enforce the age of 21 years as a minimum age for purchasing and publicly possessing alcoholic beverages. Under the Federal Aid Highway Act, a state not enforcing the minimum age would be subjected to a ten percent decrease in its annual federal highway apportionment.
While this act did not outlaw the consumption of alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age, seven states and Washington D.C. extended its provisions into an outright ban. These states are: Alabama, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania. However, most states still permit "underage" consumption of alcohol in some circumstances. In some states, no restriction on private consumption is made, while in others, consumption is only allowed in specific locations, in the presence of consenting and supervising family members as in the states of California, Colorado, Montana, New York, Texas, Virginia ,West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. The act also does not seek to criminalize alcohol consumption during religious occasions. Up to 10 "minors" may be present for this law to remain true. If all present 18+ year olds have parental consent, the parents or guardians present in the private residence are responsible.
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References
Preparation
1.4 f.OZ (US) of Cordials base + 4.8 f.OZ (US) pineapple juice, shake well with ice cubes, decorate and serve.
1.4 f.OZ (US) = 4 cl (40 ml)/ 4.8 f.OZ (US) = 14 cl (140 ml)
25 cocktail portions per bottle.
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Preparation
1.4 f.OZ (US) of Cordials base + 4.8 f.OZ (US) orange juice, shake well with ice cubes, decorate and serve.
1.4 f.OZ (US) = 4 cl (40 ml)/ 4.8 f.OZ (US) = 14 cl (140 ml)
25 cocktail portions per bottle.
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